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This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Asia. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
- They are active movements with current, active members.
- They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
- They are the citizen/peoples of the conflict area and not comes from other country.
Under each region listed is one or more of the following:
- De facto state: for regions with a de facto polity
- Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding or anticipated sovereign state
- Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession
- De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region
- Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control
- Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession
- Militant organisation(s): for armed organisations or insurgencies
- Advocacy group(s): for nonviolent, non-electoral, participatory entities
- Ethnic/Ethno-religious/Racial/Regional/Religious group (s): for information on what group of people calls for change for each individual movement listed
Afghanistan
Badakhshan (Near the Wakhan Corridor)
- Ethnic group: Pamiri
- Proposed state: United Badakhshan Peoples Republic
- Political parties: Lail Badakhshan
Burma/Myanmar
- Ethnic group: Rakhine
- Proposed state: Arakan Federation
- Advocacy group: Arakan Independence Alliance
- Proposed state: Arakan Federation
- Ethnic group: Chin
- Proposed state: Republic of Zo Asia
- Militant organisation: Chin National Front (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Ethnic group: Kachin
- Proposed state: Kachinland
- Political party: Kachin National Organization
- Proposed state: Kachinland
- Ethnic group: Karen
- Proposed state: Republic of Kawthoolei
- Militant organisation: Karen National Liberation Army
- Advocacy group: Karen National Union
- Proposed state: Republic of Kawthoolei
- Ethnic group: Karenni
- Proposed state: United Karenni Independent States
- Militant organisation: Karenni Army
- Advocacy group: Karenni National Progressive Party (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Government-in-exile: Karenni Provisional Government
- Proposed state: United Karenni Independent States
- Ethnic group: Kuki
- Proposed state: Kukiland
- Militant organisation: Kuki National Army
- Advocacy group: Kuki National Organisation
- Ethnic group: Mon
- Proposed state: Mon State
- Political party: New Mon State Party
- Proposed state: Mon State
- Ethnic group: Naga
- Proposed state: Nagalim or Peoples’ Republic of Nagaland
- Militant organisation: National Socialist Council of Nagaland (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Government-in-exile: Government of the People’s Republic of Nagaland
- Proposed state: Nagalim or Peoples’ Republic of Nagaland
- Ethnic group: Rohingya
- Proposed state: Northern Arakan State of Arakan Federation
- Advocacy group: Arakan Rohingya National Organization
- Proposed state: Northern Arakan State of Arakan Federation
- Ethnic group: Shan (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Proposed state: Federated Shan States
- Political party: Shan Democratic Union
- Militant organisation: Shan State Army
- Advocacy group: Restoration Council of Shan State
- Government in exile: Interim Government of Federated Shan States
- Proposed state: Federated Shan States
- Ethnic group: Wa
- Proposed state: Wa State
- Political party: United Wa State Party
- Militant organisation: United Wa State Army
- Proposed state: Wa State
- Ethnic group: Zomi
- Proposed state: Republic of Zogam or Federated State of Zomi
- Political parties: Zomi National Congress, Zomi Reunification Organization
- Militant organisations: Zomi National Front/Army, Zomi Revolutionary Army,
- Advocacy group: Global Zomi Alliance
- Government in exile: Republic of Zogam
- Proposed state: Republic of Zogam or Federated State of Zomi
China
Main article: Separatist movements of China
The 
People’s Republic of China and the 
Republic of China insist sole legitimacy of China against each other. Practically, the former is administering Mainland China and the two special administrative regions of 
Hong Kong and 
Macau and the latter is administering the Taiwan area.
Mainland China
- Ethnic group: Mongolian
- Proposed state: Republic of South Mongol
- Political parties: Inner Mongolian People’s Party (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization), Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance,Mongolian Liberal Union Party
- Proposed state: Republic of South Mongol
- Ethnic group: Tibetan
- Proposed state:
Tibet
- Government-in-exile: Lobsang Sangay, head of the Tibetan Government in Exile[5] (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Political parties: International Tibet Independence Movement, National Democratic Party of Tibet
- Advocacy group: Students for a Free Tibet, Tibetan Youth Congress, International Campaign for Tibet
- Proposed state:
- Ethnic group: Uyghur
- Proposed state:
East Turkestan
- Political parties: Uyghurstan Independence Movement
- Militant organisations: East Turkestan Islamic Movement, Uyghurstan National Front
- Advocacy groups: World Uyghur Congress (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Proposed state:
Special administrative regions
- Ethnic group: Hong Konger
- Proposed state: Republic of Hong Kong
- Advocacy group: Hong Konger Front
- Proposed state: Republic of Hong Kong
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Taiwan area
Main articles: Political status of Taiwan and Taiwan independence
- Proposed state:
Republic of Taiwan
- Political parties: Pan-Green Coalition (Democratic Progressive Party, Taiwan Solidarity Union, Taiwan Independence Party)
In perspective of the laws of the Republic of China, the Taiwan independence movement is considered as secessionism, but practically, the movement seeks to replace the ROC with the Republic of Taiwan because Taiwan area is the only practical region administered by the ROC.
In perspective of the laws of the People’s Republic of China, the Taiwan indepndence movement is considered as secessionism, too because the PRC considers the Taiwan area as its integral part.
India
Main articles: List of proposed states and territories of India and Separatist movements of India
See also: Naxalite-Maoist insurgency and Insurgency in Northeast India
- Ethnic group: Galo
- Proposed autonomous area: Teola Country
- Militant organisation: Arunachal Dragon Force
- Proposed autonomous area: Hajong Chakma Homeland
- Political organisation: All Hajong Chakma Homeland Movement
- Ethnic group: Bodo
- Proposed state: Bodoland
- Militant organisation: United Liberation Front of Assam, Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam,[8] National Democratic Front
- Proposed state: Bodoland
Jammu and Kashmir (occupied/disputed area of the Kashmir valley only)
- Ethnic group: Kashmiris
- Proposed state: Independent United State of Kashmir, or United Jammu and Kashmir
- Political organisations: All Parties Hurriyat Conference, Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
- Militant organisations: Lashkar-e-Toiba, Harkat-ul-mujahideen, Jaish-e-Mohammad
- Proposed state: Independent United State of Kashmir, or United Jammu and Kashmir
- Ethnic group: Manipuri
- Ethnic group: Mizos
- Proposed state: Zozam
- Militant organisations: Zomi Revolutionary Organization, Mizoram Farmers Liberation Force
- Ethnic group: Naga
- Proposed state: Nagalim or People’s Republic of Nagaland
- Government-in-exile: Government of the People’s Republic of Nagaland
- Militant organisation: National Socialist Council of Nagaland
- Ethnic group: Punjabi
- Proposed state: Khalistan
- Political organisations: Dal Khalsa, Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)
- Militant organisations: Babbar Khalsa, Khalistan Commando Force
- Proposed state: Khalistan
- Ethnic group: Tamil
- Proposed state: Republic of Tamil Nation
- Political organisation: Tamil Thesa Pothuvudaimai Katchi[10]
Indonesia
- Proposed state: Kalimantan Borneo
or 
Malaysia
- Pressure groups: Kalimantan Borneo Liberation Front
- Proposed state: Gerakan Kemerdekaan Minahasa
- Proposed state: Riau
- Proposed state: South Moluccas
- Government-in-exile: Republik Maluku Selatan (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Advocacy group: Maluku Sovereignty Front
- Proposed state: West Papua
- Militant organisation: Free Papua Movement
- Government-in-exile: West Papuan Government in exile[19][20]
Iran
- Ethnic group: Azerbaijan
- Proposed state: South Azerbaijan
or 
Azerbaijan - Political party: CAMAH (South Azerbaijan National Liberation Movement), a Baku-based separatist organisation that advocates for the separation of Iranian Azerbaijan from Iran and unification with the Republic of Azerbaijan. According to them, the predominantly ethnic Persian provinces of Hamadan, Qazvin and Karaj and the whole of the ethnically mixed province of West Azerbaijan are parts of Azerbaijan.[21]
- Proposed state: South Azerbaijan
- Ethnic group Turkmen
- Proposed state: South Turkmenistan
or 
Turkmenistan - Political party: Turkmen-Sahra Liberation Organization
- Pan-Turkism party
- Proposed state: South Turkmenistan
Further information: Politics of Khūzestān Province
-
-
- Militant organisations: Al-Ahwaz Arab People’s Democratic Popular Front, Ahwaz Arab Renaissance Party, Ahwaz Liberation Organisation
- Advocacy group: Democratic Solidarity Party of Al-Ahwaz (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
-
- Ethnic groups: Kurdish, Feylis
- Proposed state: Kurdistan[23]
- Political parties: Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Militant organisations: Party for a Free Life in Kurdistan, Komalah
- Proposed state: Kurdistan[23]
- Ethnic group: Baloch
- Proposed state: Balochistan
- Political party: Balochistan People’s Party
- Militant organisations: Jundallah (Iran)
- Proposed state: Balochistan
Iraq
See: Minorities in Iraq
Breakaway state:
- Religious group: Sunnis
- De facto state:
The Islamic State - Status: See Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014) and Northern Iraq offensive (August 2014)
- De facto state:
Purposed states:
- Ethnic groups: Kurdish, Feylis
- Proposed state: Kurdistan
- Political parties: Kurdistan Independence Movement (K.I.M.), Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iraq, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (members of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- De facto autonomous state Iraqi Kurdistan
- Status: See Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014) and Northern Iraq offensive (August 2014)
- Proposed state: Kurdistan
Main articles: Assyrian nationalism and Assyrian struggle for independence
- Ethnic group: Assyrian
- Proposed state
Assyria - Political parties: Assyrian Democratic Movement, Assyrian Liberation Party, Qaraqosh Protection Committee
- Militant organisations: Zowaa
- Advocacy groups: Assyrian General Conference, Assyria Council of Europe
- Status: See Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014) and Northern Iraq offensive (August 2014)
- Proposed state
- Ethnic group: Turkmen
- Proposed state: Turkmeneli
- Political party: Iraqi Turkmen Front (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Status: See Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014) and Northern Iraq offensive (August 2014)
- Proposed state: Turkmeneli
- Eltnoreligious group: Yazidi
- Purposed autonomous area or state: Sinjar with Sinjar Mountain region in Iraq or unification with
Kurdistan - Political organisation: Yazidi Movement for Reform and Progress, Yazidi Community
- Status: See Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014) and Northern Iraq offensive (August 2014)
- Purposed autonomous area or state: Sinjar with Sinjar Mountain region in
Israel
Proposed states:
- Ethnic group: Israeli settlers
- Proposed state: State of Judea
- Proposed state: State of Judea
Occupied territories:
- Ethnic group: Palestinian
- De facto autonomous government: Palestinian National Authority
- De facto/De jure state:
State of Palestine - Political parties: Hamas, Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Fatah, Palestine Liberation Front, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Palestine Liberation Organisation
- Militant organisations: al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Tanzim, Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
Japan
- Ethnic group: Ainu
- Proposed state:
Republic of Ainu - Political group : Ainu independence movement
- Proposed state:
- Ethnic group: Ryukyuan
- Proposed state:
Republic of Ryūkyū - Political parties: Kariyushi Club (Formerly, Ryukyu Independence Party)
- Political groups: Ryukyu independence movement
- Note: The supporters of the movement want the Amami Islands in Kagoshima Prefecture, former part of the defunct Ryukyu Kingdom until 1609, to be part of independent Ryukyu. See also Invasion of Ryukyu.
- Proposed state:
Laos
- Ethnic group: Hmong
- Proposed state: Hmong ChaoFa Federated State
- Proposed state: Hmong ChaoFa Federated State
Member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
Nepal
- Ethnic group: Madheshi in the southern strip have occasionally voiced for independence from Nepal. The claims are a result of a long standing history of discrimination against them.
- Proposed state: Republic of Madheshstan
- Political group: AIM Madeshstan, Alliance of Madheshi people[28]
- Proposed state: Republic of Madheshstan
Pakistan[edit]
Main article: Separatist movements of Pakistan
- Ethnic group: Baloch
- Proposed state: Balochistan
- Political party: Baloch National Movement, Baloch Republican Party (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Militant organisations: Baloch Liberation Army, Baloch Liberation Front, Baloch Republican Army
- Proposed state: Balochistan
- Ethnic group: Azad Kashmiris
- Proposed state: Jammu & Kashmir
- Military movement: JKLF
- Proposed state: Jammu & Kashmir
Sindh ethnic group sindhi proposed state:Sindhodesh political party:Jeay Sindh Qoami mOvement
Palestine*
See: International recognition of Palestine/currently mostly occupied by Israel as part of the Palestinian territories
- Ethnic group: Israeli settlers
- Proposed state: State of Judea
Philippines
Bangsamoro Region/Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao
- Ethnic group: Moro, Lumad
- Proposed state: Bangsamoro Republik
/ Federal Republic of Mindanao 
- Political party: Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Movement[30]
- Militant organisation: Moro National Liberation Front ( Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization), Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters[30]
- Advocacy group: Mindanao Independence Movement
- Proposed state: Bangsamoro Republik
Cordillera Administrative Region
Russia[edit]
Main article: Secession in Russia
- Ethnic group: Yakuts
- Proposed state:
Sakha Republic - Political party: Sakha-Amuk
- Proposed state:
Siberia (North Asia)
See also: Siberian regionalism
- Ethnic group:
- Proposed state: Siberian Republic[32]
- Political party: Party of Siberian Liberation
- Ethnic group: Tuvans
- Proposed state:
Tuva
- Political parties: People’s Party of Sovereign Tuva, People’s Front “Free Tuva”
Sri Lanka[edit]
- Ethnic group: Tamil
- Proposed state:
Tamil Eelam - Political party: Tamil National Alliance (autonomy within Sri Lanka)
- Militant organisation: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (No longer active in Sri Lanka)
- Advocacy groups: Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam, Global Tamil Forum
- Government in exile: Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam[33]
- Proposed state:
Syria[edit]
Further information: Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian Civil War
Breakaway states:
- Religious group: Sunnis
- De facto state: The Islamic State
- Political parties: Majlish Shura al Mujahedeen
- De facto state:
- Ethnic and ethno-religious group: Kurdish, Yazidis
- De facto state:
Western Kurdistan - Political party: Democratic Union Party
- Militant organisation: People’s Defence Units
- Political Movement: Democratic Confederlism, Democratic Socialism, Socialist Feminism, Ecosocialism
- De facto state:
- Ethnic group: Syrians
- De facto state: FSA held areas
- Political organisations: National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces
- Militant organizations: Free Syrian Army
Purposed states:
- Etlno-religious group: Alawite
- Proposed state:
Alawite State - Political Movement: Government of Syria: if Damascus should fall, it has been proposed that the government retreats to Latakia and the surrounding area to form a possibleAlawite State.
- Proposed state:
- Ethno-religious group: Druze
- Proposed state:
Jabal Druze State - Political parties: Progressive Socialist Party (Syria)
- Proposed state:
- Ethnic group: Assyrian
- Proposed state: Assyria
- Political parties: Syriac Union Party
- Militant organisations: Syriac Military Council, Sutoro
- Advocacy groups: Assyria Council of Europe
- Proposed state:
Occupied territories:
Golan Heights (occupied by Israel)
- Ethnic group: Israeli settlers
- De facto state: Israel
- Political organisation: Government of Israel
- Militant organisations: Israeli Defence Force
- De facto state:
Tajikistan[edit]
- Ethnic group: Pamiri
- Proposed state: United Badakhshan Peoples Republic[1]
- Political party: Lali Badakhshon[1]
Thailand[edit]
- Ethnic group: Malays
- Proposed state: Greater Patani State (Negara Patani Raya)[34] or Malaysia[35][36][37]
- Militant organisation: Patani United Liberation Organisation
- Proposed state: Greater Patani State (Negara Patani Raya)[34] or
Turkey[edit]
- Ethnic group: Kurdish
- Purposed state: Kurdistan
- Political parties: Peace and Democracy Party (BDP), Peoples’ Democratic Party (HDP)
- Militant organisations: Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), Group of Communities in Kurdistan (KCK), Kurdistan Freedom Falcons (TAK), Democrat Party of Kurdistan/North (PDK/Bakur), Revolutionary Party of Kurdistan (PŞK), Communist Party of Kurdistan (KKP)
- Ethnic group: Armenians
- Purposed state: United Armenia
- Political parties: Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) (not active in Turkey)
- Militant organisations: Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA) (defunct), New Armenian Resistance Group (defunct)
Uzbekistan[edit]
- Ethnic group: Karakalpaks
- Purposed state:
Republic of Karakalpakstan - Advocacy group: Free Karakalpakstan National Revival Party[39]
- Purposed state:
Vietnam[edit]
‘
Champa
- Ethnic group: Cham
- Proposed state: Champa
- Advocacy group: International Office of Champa (IOC)[40]
- Militant organisation: Front de Libération du Champa (FLC), part of United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races (FULRO), now defunct
- Proposed state: Champa
- Ethnic group: Montagnard
- Proposed autonomous area: Tây Nguyên
- Advocacy group: Montagnard Foundation, Inc.[41] (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Militant organisation: Front de Libération des Hauts Plateaux (FLHP), part of United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races (FULRO), now defunct
- Proposed autonomous area: Tây Nguyên
- Ethnic group: Khmer Krom
- Proposed autonomous area: Cochinchina
- Advocacy group: Khmers Kampuchea-Krom Federation (KKF)[42]
- Militant organisation: Front de Libération du Kampuchea Krom (FLKK), part of United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races (FURLO), now defunct
- Proposed autonomous area: Cochinchina
Yemen[edit]
- Ethnic group: Hadhrami Arabs
- Proposed state:
South Yemen[43] - Political party: South Yemen Movement
- Proposed state:
Alex Infohub 